《史记·秦始皇本纪》记载了秦始皇的“寡人”用法：“始皇既致政焉，然以蛮夷之俗，多称寡人，不可以分上下之雅制。”这里的“寡人”是指秦始皇，他以“寡人”自称，认为自己与蛮夷无异，这种自称方式无法体现君王的尊贵地位。
寡人之于国也是中国古代君主的自称方式，即君主用“寡人”来指代自己。这种称谓的用法起源于西周时期，周天子曾称自己为“寡人”以示谦逊，后来被秦始皇所继承并在秦朝成为常见的君主自称方式。
《史记·秦始皇本纪》记载了秦始皇的“寡人”用法：“始皇既致政焉，然以蛮夷之俗，多称寡人，不可以分上下之雅制。” 这里的“寡人”是指秦始皇，他以“寡人”自称，认为自己与蛮夷无异，这种自称方式无法体现君王的尊贵地位。
翻译：The term "寡人" used in respect to the country refers to the way ancient Chinese monarchs addressed themselves. It means that the ruler uses "寡人" to refer to himself. This usage originated from the Western Zhou Dynasty, when the Zhou sovereigns referred to themselves as "寡人" to show modesty. Later, it was inherited by Qin Shihuang and became a common way for monarchs to address themselves in the Qin Dynasty.
Annotation:
- "寡人" is a self-addressing term used by Chinese ancient monarchs.
- In ancient China, the term was used to show modesty and humility.
- Qin Shihuang used this term to show that he considered himself on the same level as barbarians, which did not accurately reflect his noble status as a ruler.
- The use of "寡人" was a way for monarchs to present themselves less formally but was eventually seen as inappropriate for expressing the dignity of a ruler.